說明
Use this function to calculate the present value of an investment based on a series of future payments. Supported in Chains.
PV is useful for determining how much an investment is worth now, given a specified interest rate and a series of future payments. It's commonly used in financial planning and investment analysis.
語法
PV(rate, nper, pmt, [fv], [type])
Inputs
This function accepts the following arguments:
| 名稱 | 必要 | 說明 | Valid input |
|---|---|---|---|
評分 |
是 | The interest rate per period. | A decimal number, a reference to a cell containing a decimal number, or a formula which results in either of these. |
nper |
是 | The total number of payment periods in an investment. | A positive integer, a reference to a cell containing a positive integer, or a formula which results in either of these. |
pmt |
是 | The payment made each period. |
A number, a reference to a cell containing a number, or a formula which results in either of these. This number is typically negative if you are paying out. |
fv |
沒有 | The future value, or cash balance, you want after the last payment is made. | A decimal number, a reference to a cell containing a decimal number, or a formula which results in either of these. If omitted, it's assumed to be 0. |
類型 |
沒有 | Indicates when payments are due. | 0 for end of period, 1 for beginning. If omitted, it's assumed to be 0. |
範例
案例
You're considering an investment that promises to pay $1,000 annually for the next 5 years. If the interest rate is 5% per year, what's the present value of this investment?
Sample formulas
| 公式 | 說明 | 結果 |
|---|---|---|
=PV(5%, 5, -1000) |
Calculates the present value of the investment. | $4,329.48 |
=PV(5%, 5, -1000, 0, 1) |
Calculates the present value if payments are made at the beginning of each period. | $4,545.95 |
=PV(5%, 5, -1000, 5000) |
Calculates the present value if there's a $5,000 lump sum payment at the end. | $8,146.62 |
附註
-
rateis the interest rate per period. If you make monthly payments but yourrateis annual, divide the rate by 12. -
nperis the total number of payment periods. If you make monthly payments for 5 years,nperwould be 5*12 = 60. -
pmtis typically negative if you are paying out money, and positive if you are receiving money. - The
fvandtypearguments are optional. If omitted,fvis assumed to be 0 andtypeis assumed to be 0. - The result of PV is typically negative, indicating money you would need to invest now.
提示
- Use PV to determine if a future stream of payments is worth a certain amount today.
- You can combine PV with other financial functions such as FV, PMT, or XNPV for comprehensive financial analysis.
- Be consistent with your time periods. If your payments are monthly, make sure your interest rate is also expressed monthly.
- Remember that changing the
typefrom 0 to 1 can significantly affect the result, especially for short-term investments.