To calculate emissions on the Measure dashboard, Workiva Carbon uses emission factor sets from the publications listed in this article.
Emission factor library versions
New and updated factor sets are available to you with every new version of Workiva Carbon’s emission factor library. When a new library version is released, it will be set as the default for any reporting year with no data uploaded. Make sure to select the library version that is right for your company before uploading data for a new reporting year. To learn how to select the right library version for your company and how recalculations work, view Factor updates and recalculations.
For customers outside of the Asia-Pacific region, Version 1 of the emission factor library includes all emission factors that are live in Workiva Carbon as of August 2025. Customers who are uninterested in changes to emission factors currently applied to their entries should remain on Version 1.
Publications included:
For customers within the Asia-Pacific region, Version 2 includes all emission factors live in the platform as of August 2025. Asia-Pacific customers who are uninterested in changes to the emission factors applied to their inventory should remain on Version 2.
Changes:
The difference between Version 1 and Version 2 of the emission
factor
library is isolated to the spelling of Australian grids. In Version
1,
Workiva Carbon retained the territory and grid names for Australian
electricity
grids as published in each year's publication; this inconsistent
naming
convention inadvertently impacted emission factor selections.
Version
2 includes changes to the naming of Australian grids across
Australian National Greenhouse Accounts (NGA) factors
to ensure consistent selection of grid-specific values.
Beyond this change to Australian grid naming, Version 1 and Version
2
are identical.
Version 3 includes all emission factors from Version 2 and the addition of publications released since June 2024.
Publications added:
| Source | Years |
|---|---|
| California Climate Action Registry General Reporting Protocol Version 3.1 | 2009 |
| EPA factors for GHG emissions | 2018, 2020, 2025 |
| DBEIS conversion factors | 2018, 2019, 2020, 2024, 2025 |
| Green-e® Residual Mix Emission Rates | 2019, 2020, 2024 |
| Australian NGA factors | 2024 |
| CO2 Baseline Database for Indian power sector | 2024 |
| Association of Issuing Bodies (AIB) European Residual Mix | 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2023, 2024 |
| Commission for Regulation of Utilities fuel mix disclosure and CO2 emissions | 2023 |
| Canadian National Inventory Report (NIR) | 2025 |
| EnergyStar® PortfolioManager® Technical Reference — Source Energy | 2023 |
| eGRID summary tables | 2018, 2020, 2023 |
| Department of Climate Change Vietnam Grid Emission Coefficient | 2023 |
| Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren | 2021, 2024, 2025 |
| Global Logistics Emissions Council (GLEC) | 2025 |
| The Climate Registry (TCR) | 2023, 2024, 2025 |
| IEA Emissions Factors | 2024 |
In Version 3.1, the release year of an emission factor is matched to an entry’s reporting year. This means the most recently released emission factor will be applied to an entry rather than an emission factor calculated off of the same year’s data. Version 3.1 includes all of the same emission factors as Version 3.
In previous versions, Carbon stored the release year and data year of an emission factor separately, and emission factor selection has aimed to match an entry’s reporting year to an emission factor’s data year. To learn more about data year and release year, view the Methodology section of Factor updates and recalculations.
Publications added
- Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors 2025
- IEA Emissions Factors 2025
- AIB European Residual Mixes 2024
- Electric Edison Institute 2025
- Ember Electricity 2025
- Cornerstone Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for U.S. Commodities v1.4.0
Out-of-date publications removed
- California Air Resources Board High GWP Refrigerants (replaced with EPA’s published GWP values for blended refrigerants)
-
GHGP GHG Emission Calculation Tool
- Removal of volume-based CH4 and N2O emission factors from this publication has changed calculation behavior in Vehicles entries.
- Removal of grid-level electricity emission factors for China replaced with country-level values from IEA.
- GLEC 2.0 (replaced by GLEC 3.0 and 3.1)
- The Climate Registry Transit Agency Performance Metric Report v. 1.1
-
IEA Fuel Economy in Major Car Markets: Technology and Policy
Drivers 2005-2017
- Values from this report were used to calculate a country-specific passenger car through internally developed methodology. Replaced by published values.
- CO2 Baseline Database for Indian Power Sector
- India specific rail transport emission factors for passenger travel and material transport
- Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland
Changes
Correction of CH4 GWP value
Prior versions of the EF Library applied an incorrect GWP value when converting methane emission factors to CO2e. This error impacts emission results in stationary combustion and vehicles. Adoption of V4 and recalculation with corrected values are encouraged.
| Entry location | Geographic location |
|---|---|
| Buildings> Stationary combustion> Landfill gas, Wood products (EPA 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024) | North America, Latin America and Caribbean, Middle East, Turkey, Africa, and Asia-Pacific |
| Ethanol, Methanol, Biodiesel car, light truck, medium truck, heavy truck, bus | All |
| RD99, RD90, RD80 road vehicles | All |
| Buildings> Stationary combustion> Natural gas, LPG, #2 fuel oil, #6 fuel oil | North America, Latin America and Caribbean |
| Buildings> Stationary combustion> Coal (electricity generation), Coal (domestic), Sub-bituminous coal, Lignite coal, Coking coal, Kerosene | All |
| Vehicles> Mobile combustion by fuel> Aviation gasoline, CNG, Diesel, Gasoline/petrol, Jet fuel, LNG, LPG, Renewable diesel blends, and Residual fuel oil | All |
| Vehicles> Mobile combustion by vehicle> CNG, Diesel, Gasoline/petrol, LNG, and LPG vehicles | All |
Correction of carpooling emission factor calculation method
The emission factor applied to carpooling entries assumes that a passenger car has more than one occupant during daily commuting. Since an emission factor for a passenger car assumes one passenger per vehicle, Workiva Carbon calculates an emission factor for carpooling entries by dividing a passenger car emission factor by the average passenger count within a carpooling vehicle: 1.06 passengers in North America and 1.5 passengers in Europe. Prior versions of the EF Library inconsistently calculated a carpooling emission factor from the EPA’s passenger car emission factor. This inconsistency caused results of carpooling entries to be incomparable year over year. Adoption of V4 and recalculation with corrected values are encouraged.
| Entry location | Geographic location |
|---|---|
| People> Employee commuting> Carpool | All |
*Impacting reporting years 2024 and later
Removal of internally calculated road and non-road emission factor values in the Vehicles calculator
There is an option to enter your mobile combustion activity data by vehicle or by fuel within Workiva Carbon’s Vehicles calculator. Entries within the Mobile combustion by fuel section do not have an associated vehicle class, so prior library versions included CH4 and N2O values that were averages of multiple vehicle classes that shared fuel type. These calculated averages have been removed and replaced with publicly available values. Learn more about changes to Vehicles calculations here.
| Entry location | Geographic location |
|---|---|
|
Vehicles> Mobile combustion by vehicle Vehicle class: Road vehicle, Non-road vehicle |
All |
|
Vehicles> Mobile combustion by fuel Road and non road and equipment |
All |
Removal of internally calculated passenger car values in Business travel and Employee commuting
Prior library versions included country-specific emission factors which applied an EPA-derived CO2:CH4:N2O ratio to the IEA’s published CO2 value to estimate a complete GHG breakdown. These calculated values have been removed and replaced with published values applied as regional proxies.
| Entry location | Geographic location |
|---|---|
| People> Employee commuting> Car | All |
| People> Business travel> Road travel> Tracking by distance> Car, Truck/Van | All |
Removal of regional averages representations
Workiva Carbon’s EF selection logic applies a regionally assigned emission factor in the absence of a country-specific emission factor for a given activity. Previously, Workiva Carbon’s regional EF assignments included an average of published emission factors from within the same region. These regional average values have been removed and replaced with published values applied as regional proxies.
| Entry location | Geographic location |
|---|---|
|
Waste> Trash> Landfilled, Incinerated,
Waste to energy Waste> Recyclables> Mixed recyclables, Paper, Plastics, Metals, Glass, Cardboard |
Europe excluding United Kingdom, Ireland, France |
| People> Business travel> Rail travel | All regions excluding North America |
| People> Commuting> Commuter rail, Subway/rapid transit, Bus or shuttle | Europe excluding United Kingdom, Ireland, France |
Removal of GHG breakdown from different publications
Though a given activity may emit multiple greenhouse gases, some emission factor publishers may not include a value for each gas in their dataset. Prior versions of the EF Library completed the GHG breakdown of a calculation with values from different publications. This behavior has been changed to ensure that all greenhouse gases in a calculation use emission factors from the same publisher.
| Entry location | Geographic location |
|---|---|
| Buildings> Stationary combustion> Wood | United Kingdom |
| Buildings> Stationary combustion> #2 fuel oil, #4 fuel oil, Kerosene, Natural gas | Ireland |
| Buildings> Stationary combustion> Landfill gas | France |
| Buildings> Stationary combustion> Landfill gas, Wood products | Australia |
| Vehicles> Mobile combustion by fuel | All |
|
Vehicles> Mobile combustion by vehicle> Vehicle class: Car, Light truck, Medium truck, Heavy truck, Bus, Road vehicle |
All |
EPA Emission Factors for GHG Inventories
Note: 2018, 2020, and 2025 factors are included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2018, released March 2018 |
|
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2020, released March 2020 |
|
| Source | Data year | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021, released September 2021 |
|
||
| Buildings | Vehicles | People | Transportation & distribution |
|
|
|
|
| Source | Data year | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022, released April 2022 |
|
||
| Buildings | Vehicles | People | Transportation & distribution |
|
|
|
|
| Source | Data year | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023, released September 202 |
|
|||
| Buildings | Vehicles | People | Transportation & distribution | Waste |
|
|
|
|
|
| Source | Data year | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024, released June 2024 |
|
||
| Buildings | Vehicles | People | Transportation & distribution |
|
|
|
|
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2025, released January 2025 |
|
DBEIS conversion factors
Note: The 2018, 2019, 2020, 2024, and 2025 flat files are included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2018 flat file, released July 2018 | Varies |
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2019 flat file, released July 2020 | Varies |
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2020 flat file, released July 2020 | Varies |
| Source | Data year | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 flat file, released January 2022 | Varies | ||
| Buildings | People | Events | Waste |
|
|
|
|
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 flat file, released June 2022 | Varies |
|
| Source | Data year | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 flat file, released June 2023 | Varies | |||
| Buildings | People | Events | Waste | Water |
|
|
|
|
|
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2024 flat file, released October 2024 | Varies |
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| 2025 flat file, released June 2025 | Varies |
Green-e® Residual Mix Emissions Rates
Note: 2019, 2020, and 2024 Green-e® residual mix emission rates are included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 Green-e® Residual Mix Emission Rates, released June 2019 | 2017 |
|
| 2020 Green-e® Residual Mix Emission Rates, released May 2020 | 2018 | |
| 2021 Green-e® Residual Mix Emission Rates, released April 2021 | 2019 | |
| 2022 Green-e® Residual Mix Emission Rates, released July 2022 | 2020 | |
| 2023 Green-e® Residual Mix Emission Rates, released December 2023 | 2021 | |
| 2024 Green-e® Residual Mix Emission Rates, released December 2024 | 2022 |
Australian NGA factors
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Australian NGA factors 2018, released July 2018 | 2016 |
|
| Australian NGA factors 2019, released August 2019 | 2017 | |
| Australian NGA factors 2020, released September 2020 | 2018 | |
| Australian NGA factors 2021, released August 2021 | 2019 | |
| Australian NGA factors 2022, released February 2022 | 2020 | |
| Australian NGA factors 2023, released February 2023 | 2021 | |
| Australian NGA factors 2024, released February 2024 | 2022 | |
| Australian NGA factors 2025, released September 2025 | 2023 |
CO2 Baseline Database for Indian power sector
Note: CO2 Baseline Database — released December 2024 for data years 2022-2024 — is included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Buildings |
|---|---|
| CO2 Baseline Database, released December 2018 |
|
| CO2 Baseline Database, released December 2022 |
India GHG Program
| Source | Data year | People |
|---|---|---|
| India specific rail transport emission factors for passenger travel and material transport, released January 2015 | 2013 |
|
Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland conversion factors, released May 2024 | 2001-2023 |
|
Association of Issuing Bodies
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| European residual mixes 2020, released May 2020 | 2020 |
|
| European residual mixes 2021, released May 2022 | 2021 | |
| European residual mixes 2022, released May 2023 | 2022 | |
| European residual mixes 2023, released May 2024 | 2023 | |
| European residual mixes 2024, released May 2025 | 2024 |
Commission for Regulation of Utilities
Note: Fuel mix disclosure and CO2 emissions 2023 is included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Fuel mix disclosure 2019, released September 2020 | 2019 |
|
| Fuel mix disclosure 2020, released October 2021 | 2020 | |
| Fuel mix disclosure and CO2 emissions 2021, released October 2022 | 2021 | |
| Fuel mix disclosure and CO2 emissions 2022, released November 2023 | 2022 |
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| The Earth's Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks and Climate Sensitivity supplemental material, released August 2021 | 2020 |
|
Note: Workiva Carbon also refers to the Working Group I (WGI) contribution to the Sixth Assessment report (AR6) of the IPCC.
EPA EEIO models
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Supply Chain GHG Emission Factors for US Commodities and Industries v1.1, released January 2022 | 2015 |
|
| Supply Chain GHG Emission Factors v1.2 by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)-6, released April 2023 | 2019 | |
| Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors v1.3 by NAICS-6, released July 2024 | 2022 | |
| Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for U.S. Commodities v1.4.0, released October 2025 | 2023 |
National Inventory Report (NIR)
Note: Canada. 2025 National Inventory Document parts 2 and 3 — released May 2024 for data years 1990-2023 and 2022, respectively — are included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Waste | Buildings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canada. 2021 NIR part 2, released April 2021 | 2019 |
|
|
| Canada. 2021 NIR part 3, released April 2021 | 2019 |
|
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Canada. 2022 NIR part 2, released April 2022 | 2020 |
|
| Canada. 2022 NIR part 3, released April 2022 | 2020 |
|
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Canada. 2023 NIR part 3, released April 2023 | 2021 |
|
| Source | Data year | Waste | Buildings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canada. 2024 National Inventory. Document (NID) part 2, released May 2024 | 1990-2023 |
|
|
| Canada. 2024 NID part 3, released May 2024 | 2022 |
|
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| Canada. 2025 NID part 2, released March 2025 | 2023 |
| Canada. 2025 NID part 3, released March 2025 | 2023 |
EnergyStar® PortfolioManager® Technical Reference
Note: EnergyStar® PortfolioManager® Technical Reference — Source Energy, released August 2023 for data year 2012, is included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| EnergyStar® PortfolioManager® Technical Reference — GHG Emissions, released August 2024 | 2021 |
|
EPA eGRID
Note: The eGRID2018, eGRID2020, and eGRID2023 summary tables are included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| eGRID2018 summary tables, released January 2020 | 2018 |
|
| eGRID2019 summary tables, released February 2021 | 2019 | |
| eGRID2020 summary tables, released January 2022 | 2020 | |
| eGRID2021 summary tables, released January 2023 | 2021 | |
| eGRID2022 summary tables, released January 2024 | 2022 |
Department of Climate Change
Note: Vietnam Grid Emission Coefficient 2023 — released March 2024 for data year 2023 — is included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Vietnam Grid Emission Coefficient 2022, released March 2024 | 2022 |
|
Klinova
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Release of Vietnam's power grid emission coefficient | 2022 |
|
Umweltbundesamt
Note: Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2020, 1990-2023, and 1990-2024 — released May 2021, June 2024, and April 2025 for data years 2020, 2023, and 2025 respectively — are included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Kohlendioxid-Emissionsfaktoren für die deutsche Berichterstattung atmosphärischer Emissionen 1990-2020, released January 2022 | 2018-2021 |
|
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2020, released May 2021 | 2020 |
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Entwicklung der spezifischen Treibhausgas-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2021, released April 2022 | 2021 |
|
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Entwicklung der spezifischen Treibhausgas-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2022, released May 2023 | 2022 |
|
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2023, released June 2024 | 2023 |
| Source | Data year |
|---|---|
| Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2024, released April 2025 | 2024 |
Global Logistics Emissions Council (GLEC)
| Source | Transportation & distribution |
|---|---|
| GLEC Framework 2.0, released July 2022 |
|
| GLEC Framework 3.0, released February 2024 | |
| GLEC Framework 3.1, released March 2025 |
California Air Resources Board
| Source | Buildings |
|---|---|
| California Air Resources Board high-global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants |
|
GHG Protocol
| Source | Data year | Buildings | Vehicles |
|---|---|---|---|
| GHG emission calculation tools, released March 2021 | Varies |
|
|
| Source | Data year | Vehicles |
|---|---|---|
| Emission factors from cross-sector tools, released March 2024 | Varies |
|
Note: Workiva Carbon also refers to the GHG Protocol GWP values, released August 2024.
3M®
| Source | Buildings |
|---|---|
| 3M Novec® 1230 Fire Protection Fluid, released April 2022 |
|
The Climate Registry (TCR)
| Source | Buildings | People |
|---|---|---|
| TCR 2021 default emission factor document |
|
|
| TCR 2022 default emission factor document | ||
| TCR 2023 default emission factor document | ||
| TCR 2024 default emission factor document | ||
| TCR 2025 default emission factor document | ||
| TCR Transit Agency Performance Metric Report v1.1 |
|
Honeywell®
| Source | Buildings |
|---|---|
| Honeywell refrigerants | Genetron® 409A (R-409A) |
|
Energy Market Authority (EMA)
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| EMA Electricity Grid Emission Factor and Upstream Fugitive Methane Emission Factor, released September 2024 | 2005-2023 |
|
Agence Française de L'environnement et de la Maîtrise de L'énergie (ADEME)
| Source | People | Buildings | Waste |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADEME Base Empreinte |
|
|
|
International Energy Agency (IEA)
Note: IEA Emissions Factors 2024 — released September 2024 for data years 1990-2022 — is included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.
| Source | Data year | Buildings | People |
|---|---|---|---|
| IEA Emissions Factors 2023, released September 2023 | 1990-2021 |
|
|
| IEA Emissions Factors 2024, released September 2024 | 1990-2022 | ||
| IEA Emissions Factors 2025, released October 2025 | 1990-2023 | ||
| Fuel Economy in Major Car Markets: Technology and Policy Drivers 2005-2017, released April 2019 | 2017 |
|
Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research
| Source | Data year | People |
|---|---|---|
| Methodology for GHG Efficiency of Transport Mode, released December 2020 | 2018 |
|
Sustainability Victoria
| Source | Data year | Waste |
|---|---|---|
| Greenhouse gases from the waste sector and opportunities for reduction, released August 2019 | 2015 |
|
Edison Electric Institute
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Edison Electric Institute CO2 emissions database, released December 2025 | 2021, 2024 |
|
Ember
| Source | Data year | Buildings |
|---|---|---|
| Ember yearly electricity data | 2019-2023 |
|
California Climate Action Registry General Reporting Protocol
California Climate Action Registry General Reporting Protocol Version 3.1 — released January 2009 — is included in Version 3 of Workiva Carbon's emission factor library.