WORKDAY

Description

Use this function to determine a date a given number of working days in the future or past from a specified date.

You can also specify both which days are to be considered weekend (non-working) days and the holidays to be excluded. This function us useful for calculating start dates, delivery dates, and completion dates that need to factor in both working and non-working days.

Syntax

WORKDAY(start_date,days,[holidays])

Inputs

This function has the following arguments:

Name	Required	Valid input
`start_date`	Yes	Date to be used as the base for calculation. This can be a cell reference, an integer date, or a date in the format DD/MM/YYYY or YYYY/MM/DD. A formula which results in one of these is also acceptable. Quotation marks are required.
`days`	Yes	Working days before or after start_date. This can be a cell reference, an integer date, or a date in the format DD/MM/YYYY or YYYY/MM/DD. A formula which results in one of these is also acceptable. Quotation marks are required.
`holidays`	No	A list of non-work days as supplied as dates. This can be a cell reference, a cell range (D2:D13), an integer date, or a date in the format DD/MM/YYYY or YYYY/MM/DD. A formula which results in one of these is also acceptable. If holidays are not provided, WORKDAY will treat only Saturdays and Sundays as non-working days.

Example

Sample data

	A	B	C	D	E
1	Start Date	Offset Days	Holidays	WORKDAY result	Expedited shipping
2	1/1/2024	14		1/19/2024	Yes
3	1/1/2024	14	1/11/2024	1/22/2024	No
4	1/1/2024	-14		12/12/2023	No
5	7/19/2023	9	12/31/2023	8/01/2023	Yes
6	45283	12	1/8/2024	01/08/2014	Yes

Sample formulas

Use Case	Formula	Explanation and Result
Determine the date that is the specified number of workdays (Mon-Fri) after the specified date, with no holidays specified.	`=WORKDAY("1-Jul-2024",5)`	This formula works in the following manner: `"1-Jul-2024"` is the specified date. `5` is the number of workdays to be added to the specified date. For this formula, the value returned is 45481 (8 July 2024).
Determine the date that is the specified number of workdays (Mon-Fri) after the date specified in a cell, with no holidays specified.	`=WORKDAY(A2,B2)`	This formula works in the following manner: Cell `A2` is the specified date. (1/1/2024) `B2` is the number of workdays to be added to the specified date. (14) For this formula, the value returned is 45300 (1/9/2024).
Determine the date that is the specified number of workdays (Mon-Fri) between the two dates specified in two cells, with no holidays specified.	`=WORKDAY(A2,-14)`	This formula works in the following manner: Cell `A2` is the specified date. (1/1/2024) `-14` is the number of workdays to be added to the specified date. For this formula, the value returned is 45272 (12/12/2023).
Determine the date that is the specified number of workdays (Mon-Fri) between the two dates specified in two cells, using the holidays specified in a third cell.	`=WORKDAY(A3,B3,C3)`	This formula works in the following manner: Cell `A3` is the specified date. (1/1/2024) Cell `B3` is the number of workdays to be added to the specified date. (14) Cell `C3` is the holiday date to be subtracted. (1/11/2024) For this formula, the value returned is 45308 (1/22/2024).
Determine the date that is the specified number of workdays (Mon-Fri) between the two dates specified in two cells, using the holidays specified in an additional cell range.	`=WORKDAY(A2,B2,C2:C6)`	This formula works in the following manner: Cell `A3` is the specified date. (1/1/2024) Cell `B3` is the number of workdays to be added to the specified date. (14) Cell `C3` is the holiday date to be subtracted. (1/11/2024) For this formula, the value returned is 45324 (2/2/2024).
Calculate a project's start date by subtracting a specific number of workdays from a deadline.	`=WORKDAY(DATE(2024,3,15),-10)`	This formula works in the following manner: `DATE(2024, 3, 15)` is the deadline date. (March 15, 2024) `WORKDAY(DATE(2024, 3, 15),-10)` calculates the start date, 10 workdays before the deadline. For this formula, the value returned is 45352 (3/1/2024).
Determine a revised project deadline by adding workdays to the original start date, considering the actual work duration (in network days).	`=WORKDAY(DATE(2024,3,1),NETWORKDAYS(DATE(2024,3,1), DATE(2024,3,15)))`	This formula works in the following manner: `DATE(2024,3,1)` is the original start date. `NETWORKDAYS(DATE(2024,3,1),DATE(2024,3,15))` calculates the number of workdays between the two supplied dates. `WORKDAY(…)` calculates the revised deadline by adding the network days to the start date. For this formula, the value is 45369 (3/18/2024).
Determine a delivery date adjustment based on whether a condition is met (e.g., expedited shipping being selected).	`=IF(A2="Yes", WORKDAY(DATE(2024,3,8),2), WORKDAY(DATE(2024,3,8),5))`	This formula works in the following manner: Cell A2 contains "Yes" value (indicating expedited shipping). `IF(A2="Yes",…)` calculates the delivery date. Because the value in A2 is "Yes," it adds 2 workdays to `(DATE(2024,3,8),2)`. For this formula, the value is 45363 (3/12/2024).

Notes

WORKDAY
- doesn't implicitly know which days are holidays. These have to be specified by the user.
- includes the start date when calculating workdays.
- automatically excludes all Saturdays and Sundays.
- ignores any time values.
If the holiday date(s) are not between the specified start and end dates, they're ignored.
If any of the provided date(s) are not valid, WORKDAY returns the #VALUE! error.
Wildcards don't work with this function.

Tips

It's generally easier to put holiday dates in a cell range and reference that range.

Related functions

DATE
DATEVALUE
DAY
DAYS
DAYS360
EDATE
EOMONTH
MONTH
NETWORKDAYS
NETWORKDAYS.INTL
WEEKDAY
WORKDAY
WORKDAY.INTL
YEAR
YEARFRAC

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